Risk factors for gang affiliation
Existing literature highlights a wide range of risk factors for females to become members of gangs. These include:
•severe childhood behavioural problems and mental ill health
•poor maternal mental health, exposure to violence in the home and experience of
trauma
•low academic aspiration and disengagement with school
•association with antisocial or gang-involved peers and peer rejection or victimisation
•feeling unsafe or marginalised in their neighbourhood
•high income inequalities and social influences that devalue female roles
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